1805 in science

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Significant events in 1805 in science and technology are listed.

Contents

1 Biology
2 Chemistry
3 Exploration
4 Medicine
5 Awards
6 Births
7 Deaths
8 References

Biology

Jean Henri Jaume Saint-Hilaire publishes Exposition des Familles naturelles et de la Germination des Plantes, contentant la description de 2337 genres et d'environ 4000 espèces, 112 planches dont les figures ont ete dessinées par l'auteur, popularising the Jussiaean classification system.^[1]
Marie Jules César Savigny publishes Histoire naturelle et mythologique de l'Ibis in Paris, the first illustrated monograph on the ibis.

Chemistry

John Dalton's list of molecular weights is first published.^[2]

Exploration

April 7 - The Lewis and Clark Expedition leaves Fort Mandan, bound for the Pacific Ocean.
August 9 - Zebulon Pike leaves St. Louis to explore the headwaters of the Mississippi River.
November 16 - The Lewis and Clark expedition reaches the Pacific Ocean at the mouth of the Columbia River.

Medicine

German Army surgeon Philipp Bozzini produces the lichtleiter, ancestor of the endoscope, for examination of bodily orifices.^[3]^[4]^[5]
James Parkinson publishes Observations on the Nature and Cure of the Gout.

Awards

Copley Medal: Humphry Davy

Births

February 13 - Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, mathematician (died 1859)
May 12 - William Rowan Hamilton, mathematician, physicist and astronomer (died 1865)
December 16 - Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, zoologist (died 1861)
December 20 - Thomas Graham, chemist (died 1869)
Mary Seacole (née Grant), nurse (died 1881)

Deaths

January 23 - Claude Chappe, French inventor of the mechanical semaphore system (b. 1763)
May 16 - Christiaan Brunings, Dutch hydraulic engineer (b. 1736)
December 23 - Pehr Osbeck, Swedish botanist and explorer, pupil of Linnaeus (b. 1723)

References

^ Williams, Roger L. (1988). "Gerard and Jaume: Two Neglected Figures in the History of Jussiaean Classification (Part Three)". Taxon 37: 233–271. JSTOR 1222135.
^ Dalton, John (1805). "On the Absorption of Gases by Water and Other Liquids". Memoirs of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester, 2nd ser. 1: 271–87. http://web.lemoyne.edu/~giunta/dalton52.html.
^ Bozzini, P. (1806). "Lichtleiter: eine Erfindung zur Anschauung innerer Theile und Krankheiten nebst der Abbildung". J Practischen Arzneykunde (Berlin) 24: 107–24.
^ Bozzini, P. (1810). "Lichtleiter, eine Erfindung zur Anschauung innerer Theile und Krankheiten nebst der Abbildung". Heidelbergische Jahrbücher der Litteratur. 3. Heidelberg: Wöhr & Zimmer. p. 207. http://books.google.com/?id=okBBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA207&lpg=PA207&dq=%22Lichtleiter,+eine+Erfindung+zur+Anschauung+innerer+Theile+und+Krankheiten+nebst+der+Abbildung%22&q=%22Lichtleiter%2C%20eine%20Erfindung%20zur%20Anschauung%20innerer%20Theile%20und%20Krankheiten%20nebst%20der%20Abbildung%22. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
^ Bush, Ronnie Beth; Leonhardt, Hanna; Bush, Irving M.; Landes, Ralph R. (1974). "Dr. Bozzini's Lichtleiter: A translation of his original article (1806)". Urology 3 (1): 119–23. doi:10.1016/S0090-4295(74)80080-4. PMID 4591409. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0090429574800804. Retrieved 2011-10-17.